I don't think it has anything to do with 21st century editing kitsch (okay, except for World War Z, which was like a music video by way of Bollywood). It's about realism.
A slow zombie slowly loping at you is scary only if there is a portion of time that you think it might be a normal person. If at first you think they're fine, the realization that something must be seriously wrong is horrifying. The trouble is, once you've seen one zombie movie - any zombie movie - you can never again have such an experience as a viewer.
Slow zombies, therefore, have no staying power as scary objects. I can't personally get anything out of a film with slow zombies unless the point is humor and not horror, which is why I think slow zombie films trended in the direction of comedies very quickly.
For zombies to continue in the horror genre, they needed to be dangerous. Once we as viewers see them, we know what they are, and we'd be running, and we need our characters to react that way, too. In fact, how could they not? It has gotten to the point where it is part of the universe of every zombie film made that nobody in the film has ever heard of a zombie before, because if they had, they would immediately reach for their zombie survival guides while wearing Romero T-Shirts and react in the same postmodernist way we would.
Realism is scary, fantasy isn't. 28 Days Later does the best job of being scary to me precisely because its zombies aren't undead. If you're working with fast zombies that are undead, they won't remain fast for long (blood loss, ketosis, as someone mentioned earlier, loss of ligaments in the legs), so giving your monsters an expiration date based on starvation, dehydration, etc., is no great loss, really, unless you're making a zombie story that lasts years instead of about a month. Most zombie films are about a 48-hour period. For that period they are running fast and so are you.
The one thing I will say about editing choices with fast zombies, it is a fine art regarding how much to speed up the frames (and it is artificially sped-up in all of them). 28 Days hits it just right, where I think Train to Busan undoes all the realism it was going for by keeping half of a shot 1x speed and then cranking it to 11 a second later - too starty-stoppy.
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