Did women back then all wear shoulder length hair?

It was the sixties. Conformity was the name of the game. Personal individuality didn't rear its head as an accepted thing for a while.

Everyone looked the same, bland way -- dressed the same, wore their hair similarly, wore similar glasses (not a lot of choice in styles then anyway), and just generally blended together. I got a chuckle out of the control room when they showed all the guys cheering when Alan Shepard finally responded so they knew he was OK -- it was a sea of men in white dress shirts, dark solid color ties and heavy black framed glasses -- very hard to discern separate faces in that scene. It looked like so many photos I have seen from that era so it is an accurate portrayal of how stilted society was and how everyone followed along with what was socially acceptable.

People still tend to follow trends today and dress similarly and wear similar hairstyles and make up styles. You just may not notice it if you are part of the crowd who follows those trends. To someone who comes from an older generation and observes young people in groups from local schools etc., it is blatantly obvious how easily people can be led to follow trends and ultimately end up looking all alike after all.

yes unless they were Audrey Hepburn ;)

Plus the "Jackie look" was very popular in those days. Most women wanted to look like the First Lady.

This may also be the astronaut wives' social class. I grew up in a working class neighborhood and a lot of women didn't wear their hair like that.

The hairstyles on the show are far more varied than the women in real-life, who legitimately all wore their hair the exact same way.

It's kind of been a theme of the show that they wanted them all to act alike, so probably looking and dressing alike was par for the course as well. Obviously, there were flower children in the 1960s, who wore their hair long like Jenny in Forrest Gump, but these women wouldn't have been among them. Short hair was not very much in style until Dorothy Hamill brought it back in the mid-70s.

"Arguing with trolls is like playing chess with a pigeon . . . ."

You could try googling pictures of the real Astronaut's Wives.