Sometimes you must "go along" to "get along".
That was the driving force then, and it pretty much still is now.
I don't know about it being "disgusting", but it is more a sign of the present condition of the USA.
IMHO, the USA has become more of a consumer nation than it was formerly a producer nation. When the USA was a producer nation, "buyers" learned the English language to do business in the USA, and raw resources "sellers" learned English for the same reason. Now, so much of what is sold in the USA is produced outside the USA, it has become less necessary for non-English speakers to learn English, and more necessary for business in the USA to be conducted in other languages, even including McDonald's...
*sigh*
FYI, I do not believe immigrants were "forced to give up their native language", but they did choose to be sure their children were not at a disadvantage because they did not speak English. They could have continued their language at home, but that could have limited the children's practicing English.
I have acquaintances that use/have three languages in their home, but both parents speak English, and a different "second" language. They typically spoke their second language to their children, and expected the children to speak to them in English.
That way the children knew and were raised with three languages!
They did discover a little "glitch" in that idea when one of their friends suggested the parents "swap" languages to see what would happen with the children, (BTW, the parent's third language was their spouse's second language). It turned out the children were initially UNABLE to understand the parents when they spoke the language used by the other parent!! Go figure!
(Children being pretty adaptable, they were able to overcome that within two weeks, and the parents switched back to their second language from their third, except once in a while they switched again, to keep everyone "on their toes".)
That, (language as a "context sensitive thing"), does seem to also be true of adults. I had a few words and phrases of Mandarin Chinese as part of my work (Chinese were buying the company's product, so everyone in the company learned greetings and thanks as a sign of respect), and I happened to notice the cashiers in an upscale grocery store wore name tags with their country of origin.
On a whim, I used the Mandarin "Hello" to a cashier from China... she asked me to repeat what I said (she didn't expect to hear a non-chinese customer to speak Chinese), and I repeated it a second, and third time before she realized I had spoken Mandarin, and she jumped out with a lot of Mandarin(?) back then. I had to stop her and explain that I only knew a tiny bit of Mandarin, but it brightened her day...
I got a huge smile as I left, and that made me happy too.
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